Dramatization and Role Play (Simulation)

Introduction
Dramatization and Role play are forms of experiential learning (Russell & Shepherd, 2010). Learners take on different roles, assuming a profile of a character or personality, and interact and participate in diverse and complex learning settings. The term “role play” sometimes is interchanged with that of “simulation”. However, “simulations” often involve a familiar or realistic situation in which a participant’s role may not be as prominent or distinctive as it would be in a role play.  Frequently simulations incorporate role play, leading to the term “role-playing simulation”.  Role plays and simulations function as learning tools for teams and groups or individuals as they “play” online or face to face.  They alter the power ratios in teaching and learning relationships between students and educators, as students learn through their explorations and the viewpoints of the character or personality they are articulating in the environment. This student-centred space can enable learner-oriented assessment, where the design of the task is created for active student learning. Students are actively involved in both self and peer assessment and obtain sustainable formative feedback. Dramatization can include the Role Play/ Simulation method, but it is more focused on scripted dialogue and involves creating a production.

How to use these methods in VET
Role Play is focused on the Actor Role, usually brief and performed in front of audience. Simulation is focused on change of environment, not changing the role of speaker. Dramatization is based on a more complex interdisciplinary project (use of scripted dialogue, use of technologies, video making, music, selection of spaces and environments, dressing, etc…).

These methods are used in the VET context because:

  • Require a high degree of learners’ participation
  • Are Strong in reaching learners who are kinaesthetic
  • Improve communication skills and confidence
  • May engage hard to reach learners
  • Are based on Authentic learning activities

Practical Examples

The ROLE Play

  • Takes learners closer to theatre
  • Focuses on the role of actor (learn to act differently from oneself)
  • In front of an audience
  • Based on a given real situation

Phases of the Role Play

  • Warm up
  • Selecting learners
  • Setting the stage
  • Preparing the observer
  • Enacting
  • Discussion and Evaluation
  • Re-enactment
  • Discussion and Evaluation
  • Sharing and generalizing

Example of Role Play

Job Interview (a classical Role Play in VET, also in preparation phase for an internship abroad before)

The Dramatization

Casting: ask for volunteers

Rehearsal: all learners should be included in the process of implementation of such methodology

Debriefing: reflection activity

Phases of the Dramatization method and Classroom environment

  • Creativity
  • Risk takers
  • Learner responsibility
  • Active learning
  • Experimentation
  • Transparency in Assessment.

Example

Make a video to present activities and courses of your school!

Produce a Video Advertising of your school.